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Python runs on Windows, Linux/Unix, Mac OS X, OS/2, Amiga, Palm Handhelds, and Nokia mobile phones. Python has also been ported to the Java and.NET virtual machines. Python is distributed under an OSI-approved open source license that makes it free to use, even for commercial products. Currently, he develops software for the financial services industry and leads classes and workshops in Python at PracticalProgramming.co Python Fundamentals Live Stream Python fundamentals is an interactive 1.5-hour live python programming webinar for beginners. There are now newer security-fix releases of Python 3.6 that supersede 3.6.10 and Python 3.8 is now the latest feature release of Python 3.Get the latest releases of 3.6.x and 3.8.x here.Python 3.6.8 was the last bugfix release for 3.6.x. Following the release of 3.6.8, we plan to provide security fixes for Python 3.6 as needed through 2021, five years following its initial release. Python 2 is bundled with Mac OS X. However, Python 3 is not. We recommend that you download and install Python 3, and use Python 3 exclusively when running programs associated with this booksite. Perform these steps to download and install Python, IDLE, Tkinter, NumPy, and PyGame: Browse to the Python for Mac download page.

Python 3.6.0b2 - Oct. Download Mac OS X 64-bit/32-bit installer; Python 3.6.0b1 - Sept. Download Mac OS X 64-bit/32-bit installer; Python 3.6.0a4 - Aug. Download Mac OS X 64-bit/32-bit installer; Python 3.6.0a3 - July 12, 2016. Download Mac OS X 64-bit/32-bit installer; Python 3.6.0a2 - June 13, 2016. The objective of this tutorial is to help you set up python 3.6 on windows OS.If you are using Ubuntu, you might want to check this other tutorial Install Python 3.6 on Ubuntu. At the time of this writing, the latest stable version of python is 3.6, released on December 23rd, 2016.

Python for Mac OS X

Python comes pre-installed on Mac OS X so it is easy to startusing. However, to take advantage of the latest versions ofPython, you will need to download and install newer versionsalongside the system ones. The easiest way to do that is toinstall one of the binary installers for OS X from thePython Download page. Installers areavailable for the latest Python 3 and Python 2 releases thatwill work on all Macs that run Mac OS X 10.5 and later.

Python releases include IDLE, Python's built-in interactivedevelopment environment. If you download and install Pythonfrom the release page, you may also need to download and installa newer version of Tcl/Tk for OS X. See theIDLE and Tkinter on OS X page formore information.

You can run a Python interpreter by double-clicking onApplications / Utilities / Terminal and typing python3 (if you'veinstalled a version of Python 3) or python (to use Python 2) inthe window that opens up. You can also launch IDLE for the Pythonversion you have installed by double-clicking its icon inthe appropriate Python version folder in the Applications folderor you can also just type idle3 or idle in a terminal window.

There are many thousands of additional Python software packagesavailable through PyPI, the PythonPackage Index. We recommend you use thepip tool to simplifyinstalling and managing additional packages. pip is includedwith Python 3.4 releases; for earlier releases, follow the pipinstall instructions.

Among the packages available through PyPI are some that arespecifically for OS X environments. Among these are:

  • pyobjc which providesa bridge between Python and Objective-C, allowing you to writefull-featured native Cocoa applications in pure Python.
  • py2app which allowsyou to make standalone OS X double-clickable application bundlesand plugins from Python scripts.

For more information about Python on OS X, see the mailing list and archivesfor thePython-Macintosh Special Interest Group.

Alternative Packages for Mac OS X.

  • ActiveState ActivePython(commercial and community versions, including scientific computing modules).
  • Enthought Python DistributionThe Enthought Python Distribution provides scientists with a comprehensive setof tools to perform rigorous data analysis and visualization.

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Python and a comprehensive set of third-party packages and libraries are alsoavailable from several open source package manager projects for OS X,including:

In this lesson, we’ll take a look at how we can install Python. Before January 1, 2020, there were two Python versions:

  • Python 2.x
  • Python 3.x

Python 2.0 was released in 2000 and the latest version, 2.7, was released in 2010. Python 3.0 is from 2008. Python 2.x and 3.x are very similar but there are some (syntax) differences. Because Python 2.x is older, there is still a lot of code out there written for Python 2.x.

Since January 1, 2020, Python 2.7 is retired. When you download Python, it will be the latest 3.x version.

Installation

Let’s see how we can install Python on different operating systems.

In this lesson, we'll take a look at how we can install Python. Before January 1, 2020, there were two Python versions: Python 2.x Python 3.x Python 2.0 was released in 2000 and the latest version, 2.7, was released in 2010. Python 3.0 is from 2008. Python 2.x and 3.x are very similar but there are

Linux and Mac OS X

Linux and Mac OS are easy because Python is pre-installed on Mac OS X and most Linux distributions. You can check the Python version from the command line. For example, let’s see what Ubuntu 18.04 LTS has pre-installed:

Ubuntu 18.04 LTS comes with Python 2.7 and 3.6.9 pre-installed.

If you want the latest version on Mac OS X, you can always grab it from Python.org MAC OS X downloads. For Linux, upgrading Python depends on your Linux distribution.

Windows

Microsoft Windows 10 doesn’t come with Python pre-installed, so we’ll have to install it ourselves. Head over to Python.org downloads and download the installation file:


Open the installation file and you’ll see the following screen:

The installation is straightforward but I would suggest clicking on the “Add Python 3.x to PATH” checkbox. This means you can run Python anywhere from the command line, not just from the folder where it is installed. Hit the Install Now button and you only have to wait a minute for the installation to complete:

Once the installation is successful, click on Close and we are done:

In your start menu, you will find some new items:

This completes our installation.

Verification

There are two ways to run Python:

    • Integrated Development and Learning Environment (IDLE): Python’s built-in Integrated Development Environment (IDE).
    • CLI: You can start Python from the command line.

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Let’s try both options.

IDLE

Click on the IDLE icon in your Windows 10 start menu:

You’ll see a white screen with a Python shell:

The >>> that you see above, is the prompt of the interactive Python interpreter. This means you can type Python code and the interpreter will execute it right away. Here is a quick example:

You can also save Python files and execute them later. Click on “New File” in the “File” menu:

You’ll get a blank screen where you can type your Python code:

Click on “Save” or “Save As” in the “File” menu:

Enter your filename. I’ll go for “hello-world.py”:

Now you can click on “Run Module” under the “Run” menu to execute your code:

You will see the output of your code in the Python shell:

That’s how we execute Python code.

Python IDLE gets the job done, and is a fine IDE to learn the basics of Python. As a beginner, it’s a good idea to stick to IDLE for now so you don’t get overwhelmed by IDE features. For larger projects, there are IDEs that are easier to work with. We’ll cover this in the IDE lesson.
CLI

You can also start the Python interpreter from the CLI:

Let’s run some code:

If you want to exit, type exit():

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You can also run a Python file directly. For example, let’s try to run the “hello-world.py” file we created with IDLE:

That’s how we can use the CLI to run Python code.

Trinket.io

To explain Python, I could use “static” code examples as I did above and show the output. There is a better way though. In all the upcoming Python lessons, I use trinket.io for code. With trinket.io I can share code, and you can run it interactively from this website without having to install anything. Trinket.io runs Python through Javascript on your own computer. You can see immediately what the code does and even edit it if you want to try something yourself.

With trinket.io we have two options to run our Python code, similar to how you run code on your own computer:

  • Start the interactive Python interpreter.
  • Save and run .py files.

I use both options in our lessons. Here is an example of the Python interpreter which executes our code automatically:

In the trinket above, you can see the >_ button. This means we use the Python interpreter. Below is an example where we use a .py file. You need to click on the > arrow to execute the code:

In the trinket above, the > button means we execute a .py file. You can move the separation bar between the two panes to see more of the code or the output if needed.

If you don’t use the trinkets for a while after loading the webpage, it will show a message that the connection to the server timed out. You can use the >_ or > button to re-run your code.

Conclusion

We learned a few things about Python:

  • How to verify your pre-installed Python version on Mac OS X or Linux.
  • How to install Python on Microsoft Windows.
  • How to run code using Python’s built-in IDE (IDLE).
  • How to run code from the CLI with the Python interpreter.

We are now ready to dive further into Python.